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Articolo 110 del Codice di Hammurabi: divieto religioso o limitazione economica?

  • Virginia Mazzoni

This study analyzes Article 110 of Hammurabi's Code, banning certain priestesses from taverns. It challenges moral readings, suggesting the law was an economic privilege protecting cloistered women. It shows how legal limits negotiated social status and female financial agency.

  • Keywords:
  • Code of Hammurabi,
  • Babylonian priestesses,
  • Economic privilege.,
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Virginia Mazzoni

University of Florence, Italy

  1. Barberon, Lucile. 2012. Les réligieuses et le culte de Marduk dans le royaume de Babylone. Mémoires de NABU 14. Paris: SEPOA.
  2. Cooper, Jerold S. 2002. “Virginity in ancient Mesopotamia.” CRRAI 47/1: 91-112.
  3. De Graef, Katrien. 2018. “In taberna Quando sumus. On Taverns, Nadītum Women, and the Gagûm in Old Babylonian Sippar.” In Gender and Methodology in the ancient Near East. Approaches from Assyriology and beyond, a cura di Stephanie Lynn Budin, Megan Cifarelli, Agnès Garcia Ventura, Adelina Millet Albà, 77-116. Barcellona: Barcino Monographica Orientalia 10.
  4. De Graef, Katrien. 2023. “Other than Mother: on Childlessness as Part of Social Identity of Nadītu women.” AVAR 2, 1: 9-30.
  5. Diakonoff, Igor’ Michajlovič. 1986. “Women in Old Babylonia not under Patriarchal Authority.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 29: 225-238.
  6. George, Andrew R. 2003. The Babylonia Gilgameš Epic. Introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Volume I. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  7. Greengus, Samuel. 2002. “Redefining «Inchoate Marriage» in Old Babylonian Contexts.” In Riches Hidden in Secret Places: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in memory of Thorkild Jacobsen, a cura di Abusch Tzvi, 123-40. University Park: Penn State University Press Eisenbrauns.
  8. Harris, Rivkah. 1963. “The Organization and Administration of the Cloister in Ancient Babylonia”. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 6: 121-57.
  9. Harris, Rivkah. 1964. “The nadītu woman.” In Studies Presented to A. Leo Oppenheim, a cura di Biggs R.D., Brinkman J.A., 106-135. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  10. Harris, Rivkah. 1974. “The Case of Three Babylonian Marriage Contracts.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 33, 4: 363-69.
  11. Harris, Rivkah. 1975. Ancient Sippar. A demographic Study of an Old-Babylonian City (1894-1595 B.C.). Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten.
  12. Harris, Rivkah. 1975. Ancient Sippar. A demographic Study of an Old-Babylonian City (1894-1595 B.C.). Leiden: Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten.
  13. Lafont, Sophie. 1999. “Femmes, droit et justice dans l’antiquité orientale.” Orbus Biblicus et Orientalis 165, Fribourg-Göttingen: Éditions Universaires-Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
  14. Lerner, Gerda. 1986. “The Origin of prostitution in Ancient Mesopotamia.” Signs 11: 236-54.
  15. Roth, Martha T. 1999. “The priestess and the Tavern: LH §110.” In Munuscula Mesopotamica. Festschrift für Johannes Renger, a cura di Barbara Böck, Eva Cancik-Kischbaum, Tomas Richter, 445-64. Alter Orient und Altes Testament 267. Münster: Ugarit Verlag.
  16. Roth, Martha T. 1999. “The priestess and the Tavern: LH §110.” In Munuscula Mesopotamica. Festschrift für Johannes Renger, a cura di Barbara Böck, Eva Cancik-Kischbaum, Tomas Richter, 445-64. Alter Orient und Altes Testament 267. Münster: Ugarit Verlag.
  17. Scheil, Jean-Vincent. 1902. Une Saison de Fouilles à Sippar. Il Cairo: Istituto Francese di archeologia orientale del Cairo.
  18. Stol, Marten. 2000. Birth in Babylonia and the Bible: its Mediterranean Settings. Groningen: Cuneiform Monographs 14.
  19. Stol, Marten. 2016. Women in the Ancient Near East. Tradotto da H. e M. Richardson. Boston, Berlino: De Gruyter.
  20. Van Wyk, Susandra J. 2015. “The Concealed Crime of the Nadītu Priestess in §110 of the Laws of Hammurabi.” Journal for semitics 241: 109-145.
  21. Westbrook, Raymond, 1988, Old Babylonian Marriage Law. Horn: Archiv für Orientforschung.
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  • Publication Year: 2026
  • Pages: 103-114
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
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  • Publication Year: 2026
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
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Chapter Information

Chapter Title

Articolo 110 del Codice di Hammurabi: divieto religioso o limitazione economica?

Authors

Virginia Mazzoni

Language

Italian

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-1080-5.14

Peer Reviewed

Publication Year

2026

Copyright Information

© 2026 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Bibliographic Information

Book Title

Idee e oggetti in movimento: circolazione, connessioni, percezioni, limitazioni

Book Subtitle

Atti del Convegno 2023 del corso di dottorato in Studi Storici delle Università di Firenze e Siena (Siena, 17 maggio 2023)

Editors

Alberto Cancellara, Andrea Nossa, Leandro Stacchini, Barbara Testini

Peer Reviewed

Number of Pages

202

Publication Year

2026

Copyright Information

© 2026 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Publisher Name

Firenze University Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-1080-5

ISBN Print

979-12-215-1079-9

eISBN (pdf)

979-12-215-1080-5

eISBN (xml)

979-12-215-1081-2

Series Title

Proceedings e report

Series ISSN

2704-601X

Series E-ISSN

2704-5846

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