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Using the inverted Gandy nomogram to analyse the turnover of cancer patients

  • Robert Gandy
  • Christopher J. Warburton
  • Jon Hayes
  • Azar Shahgholian
  • Pietro Renzi
  • Alberto Franci

Background: Exploratory research was undertaken to investigate whether a diagrammatical approach which had been successfully applied to staff turnover might provide additional insights into the underlying dynamics of cancer incidence and prevalence, given that net changes can mask very different patterns. Taking the ‘active’ period for cancer care as the first five years after diagnosis, the research involved this cohort of patients for each of the main five cancers: breast, colorectal, lung, melanoma, and prostate. Methods: The Inverted Nomogramma di Gandy was applied using relevant existing data for all Clinical Commissioning Groups in England in 2017. This included the number of: existing cancer cases at the beginning and end of 2017; new cases diagnosed during 2017 (excluding Death Notice Only); cancer deaths (excluding Death Notice Only); and, individuals whose survival passed the 5 years’ mark during 2017. To evaluate the approach’s usefulness to service practitioners a report was circulated throughout the Cheshire & Merseyside Cancer Alliance, with an associated electronic survey. Results: There were wide variations in incidence and prevalence across England. The diagram showed dispersed patterns for Cancer Alliances and readily identified individual outlier locations, thereby highlighting the underlying dynamics. Some of the patterns for the different cancer varied considerably. Even within the Cheshire & Merseyside Cancer Alliance there were some marked variations between (neighbouring) locations. The evaluation found a positive response to the approach from service practitioners. Conclusions: This diagrammatical approach provides useful and novel analyses that are complementary to incidence and prevalence, and helpful to practitioners. It demonstrates varying patterns, identifies outliers, and highlights the underlying dynamics behind incidence and prevalence that would otherwise not necessarily be appreciated from net figures. Because it uses existing available data it could be speedily introduced.

  • Keywords:
  • Cancer Incidence,
  • Cancer Prevalence,
  • Diagrams,
  • Nomogramma di Gandy,
  • Patient Turnover,
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Robert Gandy

Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom

Christopher J. Warburton

Cheshire and Merseyside Cancer Alliance, United Kingdom

Jon Hayes

Cheshire and Merseyside Cancer Alliance, United Kingdom

Azar Shahgholian

University of Manchester, United Kingdom - ORCID: 0000-0002-8551-2296

Pietro Renzi

University of San Marino, San Marino - ORCID: 0000-0001-6200-7265

Alberto Franci

University of San Marino, San Marino - ORCID: 0000-0002-8157-9792

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  3. Gandy, R.J. (2009). Demonstrating churn diagrammatically. In ISBE Conference Papers. Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship. DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2011.582623
  4. Gandy, R.J., Harrison, P., Gold, J. (2018a). Criticality of detailed staff turnover measurement. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 25(8), pp. 2950–2967. DOI: 10.1108/bij-11-2017-0302
  5. Gandy, R.J., Harrison, P., Gold, J. (2018b). Talent management in higher education: Is turnover relevant? European Journal of Training and Development. 42(9), pp. 597–610. DOI: 10.1108/ejtd-11-2017-0099
  6. Gandy, R.J., Warburton, C.J., Hayes, J., Shahgholian, A. (2023). Novel diagrammatical analyses of turnover of patients with cancer. British Journal of Healthcare Management, 29(10), pp.1-13. DOI: 10.12968/bjhc.2022.0047
  7. Levy, D. (1997). Tools of Critical Thinking: Metathoughts for Psychology. Boston (MA): Allyn and Bacon
  8. Office for National Statistics (2018). Table SAPE20DT1: Mid-2017 Population Estimates for Lower Layer Super Output Areas in England and Wales by Single Year of Age and Sex – Supporting Information. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/lowersuperoutputareamidyearpopulationestimates (accessed 11 February 2026).
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  • Anno di pubblicazione: 2026
  • Pagine: 219-223

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Informazioni sul capitolo

Titolo del capitolo

Using the inverted Gandy nomogram to analyse the turnover of cancer patients

Autori

Robert Gandy, Christopher J. Warburton, Jon Hayes, Azar Shahgholian, Pietro Renzi, Alberto Franci

Lingua

Inglese

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-1062-1.39

Opera sottoposta a peer review

Anno di pubblicazione

2026

Copyright

© 2026 Author(s)

Licenza d'uso

CC BY 4.0

Licenza dei metadati

CC0 1.0

Informazioni bibliografiche

Titolo del libro

Data, Statistics and AI for Well-Being of People and Organisations

Curatori

Luigi Fabbris, Alberto Franci, Pietro Renzi

Opera sottoposta a peer review

Numero di pagine

420

Anno di pubblicazione

2026

Copyright

© 2026 Author(s)

Licenza d'uso

CC BY 4.0

Licenza dei metadati

CC0 1.0

Editore

Firenze University Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-1062-1

ISBN Print

979-12-215-1061-4

eISBN (pdf)

979-12-215-1062-1

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979-12-215-1063-8

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Applied Statistics Series

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