This study explores territorial fragility across Italy’s provinces using a multidimensional framework that integrates social, economic, environmental, and infrastructural indicators. The aim is to identify at-risk areas and uncover spatial patterns of fragility that are not necessarily aligned with the conventional North–South divide. To capture the complexity of fragility, we applied the Totally Fuzzy and Relative (TFR) method, which synthesizes multiple dimensions into a single, interpretable index. Each province received a fuzzy value ranging from 0 to 1, with lower values denoting higher fragility. The method also provides indicator-specific weights, emphasizing the relative influence of each variable on overall fragility. Subsequently, the DBSCAN clustering algorithm was employed to identify spatial groupings of provinces with similar fragility profiles. This density-based approach detects clusters of arbitrary shape without requiring the number of groups to be specified in advance and distinguishes meaningful patterns from statistical noise. Findings reveal a heterogeneous distribution of fragility, with clusters of high-risk areas emerging not only in southern regions, but also in parts of central and northern Italy. These results challenge macro-regional assumptions and highlight the need for place-based policies tailored to local conditions. The integrated methodology proposed provides a robust tool for territorial planning, supporting more targeted and equitable interventions. By combining multidimensional assessment with spatial clustering, the approach offers a novel lens for understanding the geography of fragility and guiding context-sensitive decision-making.