Contained in:
Book Chapter

Ethics in Educational Research

  • Francesca Torlone

The ethical dimension of research in adult education is deeply connected to the real, substantial quality of research. The ethical dimension of adult education research, mostly neglected, is analysed from an epistemological perspective. We assume that ethical conduct of educational research is more complex than adhering to a set of rules and procedures as it has to deal with the meaning and purpose of adult education research, the distribution of pedagogical powers and the control over them to put individual and collective answers in practice.

  • Keywords:
  • Ethics in Adult Educational Research,
  • Research Ethic Committees,
  • Research Quality Discourse,
  • Substantial Quality,
+ Show More

Francesca Torlone

University of Florence, Italy - ORCID: 0000-0003-4772-1588

  1. AERA. 2011 (1992). Code of Ethics of the American Educational Research Association. <https://www.aera.net/About-AERA/AERA-Rules-Policies/Professional-Ethics> (2023-03-15).
  2. ALLEA All European Academies. 2017. The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity. Berlin: Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  3. American Medical Association. 2016. Code of Medical Ethics. <https://code-medical-ethics.ama-assn.org/preface-preamble> (2023-03-15).
  4. Artal, Raul, and Sheldon Rubenfeld. 2017. “Ethical Issues in Research.” Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 43: 107-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.12.006.
  5. Bassey, Michael. 1998. Fuzzy Generalisation: An Approach to Building Educational Theory. Paper given at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, Belfast, The Queen’s University.
  6. Baykara, Zehra G., Demir, Sevir G., and Sengul Yaman. 2015. “The Effects of Ethics Training on Students Recognizing Ethical Violations and Developing Moral Sensitivity.” Nursing Ethics 22(6): 661-75. DOI: 10.1177/0969733014542673
  7. BERA British Educational Research Association. 20184. Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research. London: BERA.
  8. Bernstein, Basil. 1990. The Structuring of Pedagogic Discourse. London-New York: Routledge.
  9. Breckler, S. 2005. “The Problem with IRBs.” Psychological Science Agenda 19 (10).
  10. Brooks, Rachel, te Riele, Kitty, and Meg Maguire. 2014. Ethics and Educational Research. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
  11. Brothers, Kyle, Rivera, Suzanne, Cadigan, R., Sharp, Richard, and Aaron Goldenberg, A. 2019. “A Belmont Reboot: Building a Normative Foundation for Human Research in the 21st Century.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47(1): 165-72. DOI: 10.1177/1073110519840497
  12. Brown, Carol, Spiro, Jane, and Sarah Quinton. 2020. “The Role of Research Ethics Committees: Friend or Foe in Educational Research? An Exploratory Study.” British Educational Research Journal 46(4): 747-69. DOI: 10.1002/berj.3654
  13. Cleaton-Jones, Peter. 2007. “Research Ethics in South Africa: Putting the Mpumalanga Case into Perspective.” In Ethical Issues in Biomedical Research: A Casebook, edited by James V. Lavery, Christine Grady, Elizabeth Wahl, and Ezekiel Emanuel, 240-46. New York: Oxford University Press.
  14. CNR Consiglio Nazionale di Ricerca. Commissione per l’Etica della Ricerca e la Bioetica del CNR. 2017. Il Consenso Informato nella Ricerca Scientifica: Ethical Toolkit. <https://www.cnr.it/sites/default/files/public/media/doc_istituzionali/ethics/Carta-dei-principi-per-la-ricerca-nelle-scienze-sociali-e-umane-4-5-2017.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  15. Cohen, Louis, Manion, Lawrence, and Keith Morrison. 2000. “The Ethics of Educational and Social Research.” In Research Methods in Education, edited by Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion, and Keith Morrison, 49-72. London: Routledge.
  16. Davies, Simeon E.H. 2020. “The Introduction of Research Ethics Review Procedures at a University in South Africa: Review Outcomes of a Social Science Research Ethics Committee.” Research Ethics 16(1-2): 1-26. DOI: 10.1177/1747016119898408
  17. De Laine, Marlene. 2000. Fieldwork, Participation and Practice: Ethics and Dilemmas in Qualitative Research. London: SAGE.
  18. De Sanctis, Filippo M. 1991. “Carta dei Diritti del Pubblico.” In Verso una biblioteca del pubblico, edited by G. Parlavecchia, e G. Tarchiani, 201-10. Milano: Bibliografica.
  19. De Sanctis, Filippo M., and Paolo Federighi. 1976. Didattica Universitaria. Per una Università Sociale. Firenze: CLUSF-Cooperativa Editrice Universitaria.
  20. De Sanctis, Filippo M., and Paolo Federighi. 1981. Pubblico e Biblioteca: Nuove Frontiere del Lavoro Educativo all’Uso del Libro. Roma: Bulzoni.
  21. Department of Health, South Africa (2004, 2015). Ethics in Health Research: Principles, Processes and Structures. <https://www.ru.ac.za/media/rhodesuniversity/content/ethics/documents/nationalguidelines/DOH_(2015)_Ethics_in_health_research_Principles,_processes_and_structures.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  22. Dewey, John. 1927. The Public and Its Problems. An Essay in Political Inquiry. New York: H. Holt.
  23. Diener, Edward, and Rick Crandall. 1978. Ethics and Values in Social and Behavioural Research. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  24. Emanuel, Ezekiel J., Grady, Christine, Crouch, Robert A., Lie Reidar K., Miller Franklin G., and David Wendler. 2011. The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  25. Emanuel, Ezekiel J., Wendler, David, and Christine Grady. 2008. “An Ethical Framework for Biomedical Research.” In The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics, edited by Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Christine Grady, Robert A. Crouch, Reidar K. Lie, Franklin G. Miller, and David Wendler, 123-33. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  26. ESRC Economic and Social Research Council. 2005. Research Ethics Framework. Swindon: Economic and Social Research Council.
  27. ESRC Economic and Social Research Council. 2021. Framework for Research Ethics. Our Core Principles. <https://www.ukri.org/councils/esrc/guidance-for-applicants/research-ethics-guidance/framework-for-research-ethics/our-core-principles/> (2023-03-15).
  28. European Commission. 2005. Commission Recommendation of 11 March 2005 on the European Charter for Researchers and on a Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers. <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2005:075:0067:0077:EN:PDF> (2023-03-15).
  29. European Commission. 2013. Adult and Continuing Education in Europe. Using Public Policy to Secure a Growth in Skills. Bruxelles: Directorate-General for Research & Innovation.
  30. European Commission. 2021. Ethics in Social Science and Humanities. Bruxelles: DG Research & Innovation. <https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/guidance/ethics-in-social-science-and-humanities_he_en.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  31. European Commission-Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, Molyneux, J., Cutmore, M. and I. Biundo. 2020. Adult Learning Statistical Country Report - A Synthesis Report Drawing on Statistical Data Relating to Participation in, and the Financing of Adult Learning in the European Member States. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. DOI: 10.2767/183669
  32. European Convention. 2000. Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. <https://www.europarl.europa.eu/charter/pdf/text_en.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  33. European Parliament and Council. 2016. Regulation 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the Protection of Natural Persons with regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of such data, and Repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj?locale=en> (2023-03-15).
  34. Eurostat. 2021. Adult Participation in Learning. <https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Adult_learning_statistics> (2023-03-15).
  35. Federighi, Paolo. 1997. “Le Teorie Critiche sui Processi Formativi in età adulta: Tendenze e Aspetti Problematici nei Principali Orientamenti Contemporanei.” In Formazione e Processo Formativo. Ipotesi Interpretative, edited by Paolo Orefice, 29-58. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  36. Federighi, Paolo. 1999. Glossary of Adult Learning in Europe. Hamburg: Unesco UIE. <https://uil.unesco.org/adult-education/glossary-adult-learning-europe> (2023-03-15).
  37. Federighi, Paolo. 2016. “Il Carcere come Città Educativa. La Prevenzione Educativa dei Comportamenti Criminali.” In Il Diritto al Risarcimento Educativo dei Detenuti, edited by F. Torlone, 11-31. Firenze: Firenze University Press.
  38. Federighi, Paolo. 2018. Educazione in età adulta. Ricerche, politiche, luoghi e professioni. Firenze: Firenze University Press.
  39. Federighi, Paolo. 2019. “Research Methodology in Adult Learning and Education.” Journal of Educational Sciences 20, 1(39): 58-73. DOI: 10.35923/JES.2019.1.05
  40. Friesen, Phoebe, Kearns, Lisa, Redman, Barbara, and Arthur L. Caplan. 2017. “Rethinking the Belmont Report?” The American Journal of Bioethics 17(7): 15-21. DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2017.1329482
  41. Goodyear, Michael D., Krleza-Jeric, Karmela, and Trudo Lemmens. 2007. “The Declaration of Helsinki.” British Medical Journal 335(7621): 624-25. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.39339.610000.BE
  42. Govil, Punita. 2013. “Ethical Considerations in Educational Research.” International Journal of Advancement in Education and Social Sciences 1(2): 17-22.
  43. Gramsci, Antonio. 1932. Osservazioni sulla scuola: per la Ricerca del Principio Educativo. Quaderno 12. § 2. <https://quadernidelcarcere.wordpress.com/2015/01/16/osservazioni-sulla-scuola-per-la-ricerca-del-principio-educativo/> (2023-03-15).
  44. Greenawalt, Kent. 1989. “Law and Objectivity: How People Are Treated.” Criminal Justice Ethics 8(2): 31-55. DOI: 10.1080/0731129X.1989.9991858
  45. Gregory, Ian. 2003. Ethics in Research. New York: Continuum.
  46. Habermas, Jürgen. 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action. vol. 1. Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
  47. Halse, Christine. 2011. “Confessions of an Ethics Committee Chair.” Ethics and Education 6(3): 239-51.
  48. Hammersley, Martyn, and Anna Traianou. 2012. Ethics and Educational Research. British Educational Research Association. <https://www.bera.ac.uk/publication/ethics-and-educational-research> (2023-03-15).
  49. Hazard, Geoffrey C. Jr. 1995. “Law, Morals, and Ethics.” Southern Illinois University Law Journal 19: 447-58. <https://repository.uclawsf.edu/faculty_scholarship/252> (2023-03-15).
  50. Head, George. 2018. “Ethics in Educational Research: Review Boards, Ethical Issues and Researcher Development.” European Educational Research Journal 19(1): 72-83. DOI: 10.1177/1474904118796315
  51. Henderson, Kelly L.-T., and Jennifer Esposito. 2017. “Using Others in the Nicest Possible Way: On Colonial and Academic Practice(s), and an Ethic of Humility.” Qualitative Inquiry 25(9-10): 876-89. DOI: 10.1177/1077800417743528
  52. Horner, Jennifer. 2003. “Morality, Ethics, and Law: Introductory Concepts.” Semin Speech Lang. 24(4): 263-74. DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815580
  53. Israel, Mark, and Iain Hay. 2006. Research Ethics for Social Scientists. Between Ethical Conduct and Regulatory Compliance. London: SAGE.
  54. Kass, Nancy E. 2001. “An Ethics Framework for Public Health.” American Journal of Public Health 91(11): 1776-82.
  55. Kelly, Alison. 1989. “The Ethics of School Based Action Research.” In The Ethics of Educational Research, edited by Robert G. Burgess, 100-13. London: Falmer Press.
  56. Kumashiro, Kevin K. 2014. “Troubling the Politics of Engagement, Ethics and Educational Research: Reframing our Work.” Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education 8(1): 44-54. DOI: 10.1080/15595692.2013.803467
  57. Leont’ev, Aleksej N. 1979. Activity, Consciousness, and Personality, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Inc.
  58. Mikesell, Lisa, Bromley, Elizabeth, and Dmitry Khodyakov. 2013. “Ethical Community-Engaged Research: A Literature Review.” American Journal of Public Health 103(12): e7-e14. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301605
  59. Mitchell, Bruce, and Dianne Draper. 1982. Relevance and Ethics in Geography. London: Longman.
  60. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. 1979. The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects Research. Washington, DC: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
  61. Ochse, Katharina L. 2004. Preventing Corruption in the Education System. A Practical Guide. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH. Commissioned by Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany. <https://inee.org/sites/default/files/Preventing_Corruption_In_The_Education_System.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  62. Parsell, Mitch, Ambler, Trudy, and Christa Jacenyik-Trawoger. 2014. “Ethics in Higher Education Research.” Studies in Higher Education 39(1): 166-79. DOI: 10.1080/03075079.2011.647766
  63. Peach, Lucinda. 1995. “An Introduction to Ethical Theory.” In Research Ethics. Cases and Materials, edited by Robin L. Penslar, 13-26. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
  64. Pendlebury, Shirley, and Penny Enslin. 2001. “Representation, Identification and Trust: Towards an Ethics of Educational Research.” Journal of the Philosophy of Education 35(3): 361-70. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9752.00232
  65. Poisson, Muriel. 2010. Corruption and Education. Bruxelles-Paris: International Academy for Education and International Institute for Educational Planning-Unesco.
  66. Pring, Richard. 2003. “The Virtues and Vices of an Educational Researcher.” In The Moral Foundations of Educational Research, edited by Pat Sikes, John Nixon, and William Carr, 52-67. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
  67. SERA Scottish Educational Research Association. 1997. Code of Practice in Educational Research. SERA.
  68. SERA Scottish Educational Research Association. 2005. Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research. <https://www.sera.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/08/SERA-Ethical-GuidelinesWeb.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  69. Siddiqui, Wamia, and Richard R. Sharp. 2021. “Beyond the Belmont Report.” The American Journal of Bioethics 21(10): 1-4. DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2021.1972649
  70. Sikes, Pat, and Heather Piper. 2010. “Ethical Research, Academic Freedom and the Role of Ethics Committees and Review Procedures in Educational Research.” International Journal of Research and Method in Education 33(3): 205-13. DOI: 10.1080/1743727x.2010.511838
  71. Sprumont Dominique, Girardin Sara, and Trudo Lemmens. 2007. “The Declaration of Helsinki and the Law: An International and Comparative Analysis.” In History and Theory of Human Experimentation: The Declaration of Helsinki and Modern Medical Ethics, edited by Andreas Frewer, and Ulf Schmidt, 223-52. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
  72. Stutchbury, Kris, and Alison Fox. 2009. “Ethics in Educational Research: Introducing a Methodological Tool for Effective Ethical Analysis.” Cambridge Journal of Education 39(4): 489-504. DOI: 10.1080/03057640903354396
  73. The Nuremberg Code. 1947. <https://media.tghn.org/medialibrary/2011/04/BMJ_No_7070_Volume_313_The_Nuremberg_Code.pdf> (2023-03-15).
  74. Torlone, Francesca. 2018. Apprendimento istituzionale e politiche educative regionali. Roma: Aracne.
  75. Tsosie, Krystal S., Claw, Katrina G., and Nanibaa' A. Garrison. 2021. “Considering ‘Respect for Sovereignty’ beyond the Belmont Report and the Common Rule: Ethical and Legal Implications for American Indian and Alaska Native Peoples.” The American Journal of Bioethics 21(10): 27-30.
  76. Tzafestas, Spyros G. 2018. “Ethics and Law in the Internet of Things World.” Smart Cities 1(1): 98-120. DOI: 10.3390/smartcities1010006
  77. Velardo, Stefania, and Sam Elliot. 2018. “Prioritising Doctoral Students’ Wellbeing in Qualitative Research.” The Qualitative Report 23(2): 311-18. <http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol23/iss2/2> (2023-03-15).
  78. Wassenaar, Douglas R. 2006. “Ethical Issues in Social Science Research.” In Research in Practice, edited by Martin Terre Blanch, Kevin Durrheim, and Desmond Painter, 60-79. Cape Town: Jutas.
  79. Weinbaum, Cortney, Landree, Eric, Blumenthal, Marjory S., Piquado, Tepring, and Carlos I. Gutierrez Gaviria. 2019. Ethics in Scientific Research: An Examination of Ethical Principles and Emerging Topics. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.
  80. Wiesing, Urban, and Hans J. Ehni. 2014. “The Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association: Its History, Meaning and Future.” In The World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: 1964-2014, 50 Years of Evolution of Medical Research Ethics, edited by Urban Wiesing, Ramin W. Parsa-Parsi, and Otmar Kloiber, 18-35. Cologne: Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag GmbH.
  81. WMA World Medical Association. 2013. Declaration of Helsinki-Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. <https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/> (2023-03-15).
PDF
  • Publication Year: 2023
  • Pages: 111-131
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
  • © 2023 Author(s)

XML
  • Publication Year: 2023
  • Content License: CC BY 4.0
  • © 2023 Author(s)

Chapter Information

Chapter Title

Ethics in Educational Research

Authors

Francesca Torlone

Language

English

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0151-3.11

Peer Reviewed

Publication Year

2023

Copyright Information

© 2023 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Bibliographic Information

Book Title

Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic

Editors

Vanna Boffo, Regina Egetenmeyer

Peer Reviewed

Number of Pages

284

Publication Year

2023

Copyright Information

© 2023 Author(s)

Content License

CC BY 4.0

Metadata License

CC0 1.0

Publisher Name

Firenze University Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0151-3

ISBN Print

979-12-215-0150-6

eISBN (pdf)

979-12-215-0151-3

eISBN (xml)

979-12-215-0152-0

Series Title

Studies on Adult Learning and Education

Series ISSN

2704-596X

Series E-ISSN

2704-5781

134

Fulltext
downloads

62

Views

Export Citation

1,305

Open Access Books

in the Catalogue

1,921

Book Chapters

3,161,365

Fulltext
downloads

4,104

Authors

from 846 Research Institutions

of 63 Nations

63

scientific boards

from 339 Research Institutions

of 43 Nations

1,150

Referees

from 345 Research Institutions

of 37 Nations