Contenuto in:
Capitolo

Lo stigma e le sue intersezioni. Effetti moltiplicatori di abilismo e genere

  • Marianna Piccioli

With this contribution, we tried to analyze the amplifying effects of stigma, in particular when ableism is combined with gender, highlighting how this perspective can also be reductionist. In particular, the processes of stigmatization of multiple identities are examined, emphasizing that stigma manifests itself on individuals who contain characteristics considered undesirable, in contrast with an ideal of "perfect human being" which, in reality, is a social, political and economic construction. It explores how the mechanisms of categorization, labeling and discrimination are rooted in dynamics of oppression between groups, recalling the Platonic image of a world beyond appearances and inviting us to show that another reality is possible. The reversal of stigma, or the process by which a stigmatized group, reappropriating negative attributes, transforms them into symbols of pride and resistance, is presented as a powerful tool for social change. This phenomenon has fueled activism and self-determination movements, such as those linked to the Gender, Black is Beautiful and Crip Studies movements. However, it is emphasized that the goal is not categorical vindication for its own sake, but the enhancement of multiple identities as an integral part of a more authentic humanity, promoting a broader and shared vision of what it means to be human beings.

  • Keywords:
  • Intersectionality,
  • labelling,
  • stigmatisation,
  • gender,
  • disability,
+ Mostra di più

Marianna Piccioli

Università degli Studi di Roma “Foro Italico”, Italy - ORCID: 0000-0002-3642-3166

  1. Bitman, Nomy. 2023. "‘Which part of my group do I represent?’: Disability activism and social media users with concealable communicative disabilities." Information, Communication & Society 26, 3: 619-36. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2021.1963463
  2. Boysen, Guy A. 2017. "Exploring the relation between masculinity and mental illness stigma using the stereotype content model and BIAS map." The journal of social psychology 157, 1: 98-113. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2016.1181600
  3. Boysen, Guy A. e Logan. 2017. "Gender and mental illness stigma: The relative impact of stereotypical masculinity and gender atypicality." Stigma and Health 2, 2: 83-97. DOI: 10.1037/sah0000043
  4. Boysen, Guy A., Chicosky, Rebecca L. e Delmore, Erin E.. 2023. "Dehumanization of mental illness and the stereotype content model." Stigma and Health 8, 2: 150-58. DOI: 10.1037/sah0000256
  5. Boysen, Guy, Ebersole, Ashley, Casner, Robert e Coston, Nykhala. 2014. "Gendered mental disorders: Masculine and feminine stereotypes about mental disorders and their relation to stigma." The Journal of Social Psychology 154, 6: 546-65. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2014.953028
  6. Branco, Carla, Ramos, Miguel R. e Hewstone, Miles. 2019. "The association of group‐based discrimination with health and well‐being: A comparison of ableism with other “isms”." Journal of Social Issues 75, 3: 814-46. DOI: 10.1111/josi.12340
  7. Campbell, Fiona. 2009. Contours of ableism: The production of disability and abledness. Berlino: Springer. DOI: 10.1057/9780230245181
  8. Canton, Emily, Hedley, Darren e Spoor, Jennifer R. 2023. "The stereotype content model and disabilities." The Journal of Social Psychology 163, 4: 480-500. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2021.2017253
  9. Daniels, Julia N. 2019. "Disabled mothering? Outlawed, overlooked and severely prohibited: Interrogating ableism in motherhood." Social Inclusion 7, 1: 114-23. DOI: 10.17645/si.v7i1.1551
  10. Dirth, Thomas P., e Branscombe, Nyla R. 2019. "Recognizing ableism: A social identity analysis of disabled people perceiving discrimination as illegitimate." Journal of Social Issues 75, 3: 786-813. DOI: 10.1111/josi.12345
  11. Ditchman, Nicole, Shirli Werner, Kristin Kosyluk, Nev Jones, Brianna Elg e Patrick W. Corrigan. 2013. "Stigma and intellectual disability: potential application of mental illness research." Rehabilitation psychology 58, 2: 206-16.
  12. Fiske, Susan T. 1998. “Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination”. In The handbook of social psychology a cura di Gilbert, Daniel Todd, Fiske, Susan T. and Gardner Lindzey 1: 357-411. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  13. Fiske, Susan T., Cuddy, Amy J., Glick, Peter e Jun Xu. 2002. “A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 6: 878–902. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878
  14. Fiske, Susan T., Amy JC Cuddy e Peter Glick. 2007. "Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth and competence." Trends in cognitive sciences 11, 2: 77-83.
  15. Fiske, Susan T., Juan Xu, Amy C. Cuddy, e Peter Glick. 1999. "(Dis) respecting versus (dis) liking: Status and interdependence predict ambivalent stereotypes of competence and warmth." Journal of social issues 55, 3: 473-489.
  16. Foucault, Michel. 1972. L’ordine del discorso. Torino: Einaudi.
  17. Foucault, Michel. 1977. Microfisica del potere. Torino: Einaudi.
  18. Foucault, Michel. 2005. Nascita della biopolitica. Corso al Collège de France (1978-1979). Milano: Feltrinelli.
  19. Foucault, Michel.1998. Le parole e le cose. Un’archeologia delle scienze umane. Milano: Rizzoli.
  20. Gallagher, Natalie M. e Galen V. Bodenhausen. 2021. "Gender essentialism and the mental representation of transgender women and men: A multimethod investigation of stereotype content." Cognition 217: 104887. DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104887
  21. Gardou, Charles. 2006. Diversità vulnerabilità e handicap. Per una nuova cultura della disabilità. Trento: Edizioni Centro Studi Erickson.
  22. Goffman, Erving. 2003. Stigma, L’identità negata. Verona: Ombre Corte.
  23. Goffman, Erving. 2009. Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. New York: Simon and schuster.
  24. Goodley, Dan. 2011. Disability Studies: An Interdisciplinary Introduction. London: Sage Publications.
  25. Haft, Stephanie L.,Greiner de Magalhães, Caroline e Hoeft, Fumiko. 2023. "A systematic review of the consequences of stigma and stereotype threat for individuals with specific learning disabilities." Journal of learning disabilities 56, 3: 193-209. DOI: 10.1177/00222194221087383
  26. Hall, Stuart. 1980. “Encoding/decoding.” In Culture, Media, Language, a cura di Stuart Hall, Dorothy Hobson, Andrew Love, e Paul Willis, 128-38. London: Hutchinson.
  27. Hall, Stuart. 1992. The twelve cultural paradigms. London: Sage Publications.
  28. Hall, Stuart. 2011. Che cos’è la cultura popolare? Roma-Bari: Laterza.
  29. Hoggart, Richard. 1957. The Uses of Literacy. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  30. Hoggart, Richard. 1970. “Schools of English and Contemporary Society”. In Speaking to Each Other, II, Richard Hoggart, 246-59. London: Chatto & Windus.
  31. Howansky, Kristina, Wilton ,Leigh S., Young, Danielle M., Abrams, Samantha e Clapham, Rebekah. 2019. "(Trans) gender stereotypes and the self: Content and consequences of gender identity stereotypes." Self and Identity 20, 4: 478-495. DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2019.161719
  32. Jóhannsdóttir, Ásta, Snæfríður Þóra Egilson e Freyja Haraldsdóttir. 2022. "Implications of internalised ableism for the health and wellbeing of disabled young people." Sociology of health & illness 44, 2: 360-76. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13425
  33. Jones, Edward E. 1984. Social Stigma: The Psychology of Marked Relationships. New York: W.H. Freeman.
  34. Lin, Inna Wanyin, Njoo, Lucille, Field, Anjalie , Sharma, Ashish, Reinecke, Katharina, Althoff, Tim e Tsvetkov, Julia. 2022. "Gendered mental health stigma in masked language models." arXiv preprint arXiv 2: 2210.15144. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2210.15144
  35. Medeghini, Rrobero, D’Alessio, Simona, Marra, Alessio D., Vadalà Giuseppe e Valtellina, Enrico. 2013. Disability Studies. Emancipazione, inclusione scolastica e sociale, cittadinanza. Trento: Erickson.
  36. Mitchell, David Snyder, Sharon. 2019. “Minority model: From liberal to neoliberal futures of disability”. In Routledge handbook of disability studies, Nick Watson e Simo Vehmas, 45-54. London and New York: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9780429430817-4
  37. Molero, Fernando, Recio, Patricia, García-Ael Patricia e Pérez-Garín, Daniel. 2019. "Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with physical disabilities." Rehabilitation Psychology 64, 2: 212.20. DOI: 10.1037/rep0000277
  38. Monceri, Flavia. 2017. Etica e disabilità. Brescia: Morcelliana.
  39. Olkin, Rhoda, Pledger, Constance. 2003. "Can disability studies and psychology join hands?." American Psychologist 58, 4: 296. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.4.296
  40. Pachankis, John E., Hatzenbuehler, Mark, Wang, Katie, Burton, Charles L., Crawford, Forrest, Phelan, Jo C., e Link, Bruce G. 2018. "The burden of stigma on health and well-being: A taxonomy of concealment, course, disruptiveness, aesthetics, origin, and peril across 93 stigmas”. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44: 451-74. DOI: 10.1177/0146167217741313
  41. Pérez-Garín, Daniel, Recio, Patricia, Magallares, Alejandro, Molero,fernando e García-Ael, Cristina. "Perceived discrimination and emotional reactions in people with different types of disabilities: A qualitative approach." The Spanish Journal of Psychology 21: 12. DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2018.
  42. Remedios, Jessica D., Snyder, Samantha H. 2018. "Intersectional oppression: Multiple stigmatized identities and perceptions of invisibility, discrimination, and stereotyping." Journal of Social Issues 74, 2 : 265-81. DOI: 10.1111/josi.12268
  43. Rohmer, Odile, Louvet, Eva. 2012. "Implicit measures of the stereotype content associated with disability." British Journal of Social Psychology 51, 4 : 732-40. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02087.x
  44. Santuzzi, Alecia M., Waltz, Pamela R., Finkelstein, Lisa M. e Rupp, Deborah E. 2014. "Invisible disabilities: Unique challenges for employees and organizations." Industrial and organizational Psychology 7, 2: 204-19. DOI: 10.1111/iops.12134
  45. Shakespeare, Tom. 2013. Disability rights and wrongs revisited. London and New York: Routledge.
  46. Slater, Tig, Embla Ágústsdóttir, Haraldsdóttir, Freyja. 2018. "Becoming intelligible woman: Gender, disability and resistance at the border zone of youth." Feminism & Psychology 28, 3: 409-26. DOI: 10.1177/095935351
  47. Susman, Joan. 1994. "Disability, stigma and deviance." Social science & medicine 38, 1: 15-22. DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90295-X
  48. Tajfel, Henri, Turner, Jhon C. . 1979. "An integrative theory of intergroup conflict”. In The social psychology of intergroup relations, a cura di Austin, William G. e Stephen Worchel, 33-37.
  49. Timmons, Shane, McGinnity, Frances, Carroll, Eamonn. 2024. "Ableism differs by disability, gender and social context: Evidence from vignette experiments." British Journal of Social Psychology 63, 2: 637-57. DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12696
  50. Turner, John C., e Michael A. Hogg. 1987. Rediscovering the Social Group : A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
  51. Williams, Raymond. 1958. Culture and Society. London: Chatto and Windus.
  52. Williams, Raymond. 1961. The long revolution. New York: Columbia University Press.
  53. Williams, Raymond. 1977. Marxism and literature. Oxford: Oxford Paperbacks.
  54. Williams, Stacey L. e Emma G. Fredrick. 2015. "One size may not fit all: The need for a more inclusive and intersectional psychological science on stigma." Sex Roles 73: 384-90. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-015-0534-3
PDF
  • Anno di pubblicazione: 2025
  • Pagine: 77-88

XML
  • Anno di pubblicazione: 2025

Informazioni sul capitolo

Titolo del capitolo

Lo stigma e le sue intersezioni. Effetti moltiplicatori di abilismo e genere

Autori

Marianna Piccioli

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0715-7.09

Opera sottoposta a peer review

Anno di pubblicazione

2025

Copyright

© 2025 Author(s)

Licenza d'uso

CC BY 4.0

Licenza dei metadati

CC0 1.0

Informazioni bibliografiche

Titolo del libro

Le parole della discriminazione

Sottotitolo del libro

Sessismo, omofobia, razzismo, ‘childismo’, abilismo

Curatori

Irene Biemmi, Alessandra Viviani

Opera sottoposta a peer review

Numero di pagine

102

Anno di pubblicazione

2025

Copyright

© 2025 Author(s)

Licenza d'uso

CC BY-SA 4.0

Licenza dei metadati

CC0 1.0

Editore

Firenze University Press, USiena Press

DOI

10.36253/979-12-215-0715-7

ISBN Print

979-12-215-0714-0

eISBN (pdf)

979-12-215-0715-7

eISBN (epub)

979-12-215-0716-4

Collana

Politiche e strategie per l’uguaglianza di genere e l’inclusione. Temi, ricerche e prospettive dei CUG delle Università di Siena e Firenze

ISSN della collana

3035-5907

e-ISSN della collana

3035-5699

0

Download dei libri

0

Visualizzazioni

Salva la citazione

1.411

Libri in accesso aperto

in catalogo

2.691

Capitoli di Libri

4.514.972

Download dei libri

5.068

Autori

da 1081 Istituzioni e centri di ricerca

di 66 Nazioni

71

scientific boards

da 381 Istituzioni e centri di ricerca

di 43 Nazioni

1.312

I referee

da 402 Istituzioni e centri di ricerca

di 38 Nazioni